Mumps Treatment: Medicines, Diet & Management

How is Mumps Diagnosed?

Doctors diagnose mumps by looking at the pattern of symptoms, especially swelling around the cheeks and jaw. They also consider details such as when the swelling or other symptoms appeared, whether the person has recently been around someone with mumps, and their vaccination history. When the symptoms could point to another infection as well, laboratory testing helps identify whether the mumps virus is present.

A saliva sample is usually taken by swabbing the inside of the cheek. Urine, blood or spinal fluid may also be tested when needed. Spinal fluid testing is considered when symptoms point to complications involving the brain or nervous system.

Conditions of Mumps and Their Treatment

Some people with mumps may develop complications affecting the salivary glands or other organs. The table below outlines these conditions and the treatment approaches that may be used to manage them:

Conditions of Mumps	Treatment
Parotitis (Salivary Gland Mumps)	Warm compresses, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, medicines such as pilocarpine to stimulate salivary flow, and sialendoscopy to clear ductal debris. Severe suppurative cases may require hospitalisation and IV antibiotics, while chronic or refractory cases may require parotidectomy.
Mumps Orchitis	Bed rest, scrotal support, and analgesic or anti-inflammatory medicines can help relieve testicular pain, swelling, and fever and support recovery.
Mumps Oophoritis	Rest, adequate hydration, and pain-relieving medicines such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage pain and discomfort associated with mumps oophoritis.
Mumps Pancreatitis	Mumps pancreatitis is managed with supportive care, including adequate fluid resuscitation to maintain hydration.
Mumps Meningitis or Encephalitis	Treatment mainly involves supportive care and close medical monitoring. Ceftriaxone (an antibiotic) and acyclovir (an antiviral for Herpes Simplex) are given as empiric treatment while waiting for lab results to rule out bacterial meningitis or Herpes encephalitis. Once mumps virus is confirmed as the cause, these medications are discontinued because neither acts on the mumps virus.

Note: There is no specific antiviral treatment for complicated mumps. Treatment is mainly supportive, while complications require treatment based on the affected organ and severity.

Oral Medicines for Mumps Treatment

Medicines for mumps are used to ease specific symptoms. Since mumps is caused by a virus, antibiotics are not used to treat the infection. Commonly used medicines to treat mumps include:

HParacetamol (Acetaminophen): Helps reduce fever and relieve body aches and joint pain.
HIbuprofen: May help reduce fever, pain and inflammation in salivary glands or testicles. Ensure adequate fluid intake while taking NSAIDs.

Note: Do not start antibiotics or other prescription medicines without a doctor’s advice.

Other Treatment for Mumps

Vaccination is the best way to protect against mumps and is usually given through the MMR vaccine, which protects against diseases like measles, mumps and rubella. Children generally require two doses, with the first given at 12-15 months and the second at 4-6 years. Children aged 12 months to 12 years may also receive the MMRV vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, rubella, and chickenpox.

Older children, adolescents, and adults who do not have evidence of immunity may need one or two doses of the MMR vaccine, with doses spaced at least 28 days apart. Vaccination is also recommended before international travel for people who are not fully vaccinated. An additional MMR dose may be recommended for people at increased risk during a mumps outbreak.

Ayurvedic and Alternative Remedies for Mumps

Some Ayurvedic and alternative remedies may be used as supportive measures during recovery from mumps to help manage swelling, pain, and local discomfort. These include:

HBodhi Tree: The Bodhi tree is traditionally valued in Ayurvedic practices for its soothing, calming properties. Its use may help provide comfort and ease swelling and discomfort.
HGinger (Adrak): Ginger is known for its natural anti-inflammatory properties and may help ease pain and inflammation. You can include it in a soothing home-care routine.
HTerminalia Chebula (Harad): In Ayurveda, harad has been used for a long time for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. It may help support the body's natural repair processes and ease pain and swelling.
HAloe Vera (Gheekumari) with Turmeric: Aloe vera is known for its cooling and soothing properties, while turmeric is valued for its anti-inflammatory benefits. Together, they may help calm irritation and relieve swelling.
HWarm or cool compresses: Applying a warm or cool compress to the swollen area can provide soothing relief and make the affected area feel more comfortable. Use a clean, soft cloth to apply gently.

Note: These measures are intended to provide comfort during recovery from mumps. They are not a substitute for treatment when medical care is needed.

Home Care Tips for Mumps

Following simple home care measures can help relieve symptoms, maintain comfort, and support recovery during mumps. These include:

HGet adequate rest to support your body during recovery.
HDrink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated throughout the day.
HEat soft foods that are easy to chew and swallow.
HApply warm or cool compresses to the swollen glands to ease discomfort.
HAvoid acidic foods and drinks if they cause pain around the swollen salivary glands.
HTake the medicines your doctor recommends to relieve symptoms.
HAvoid contact with anyone for at least 5 days as mumps is highly contagious.

How Long Does Mumps Treatment Take?

Mumps does not have a specific treatment course because management mainly involves relieving symptoms while the infection clears. The timeline can vary depending on the symptoms and whether complications develop. It includes:

Treatment/Recovery	Typical Timeline
Pain and fever management	Symptoms may improve within a few days with supportive care.
Rest and supportive care	Most people recover completely within about 2 weeks.
Management of complications	Recovery may take longer and depends on the complication and its severity.

Note: The recovery period may vary depending on the individual's condition and whether any complications develop.

Mumps Treatment Side Effects

Most medicines used to manage mumps symptoms are well-tolerated when taken as prescribed. However, some people may experience these side effects:

HStomach upset
HNausea
Diarrhoea
HDizziness
HHeadache
HExcessive sweating
HFlushing
HSkin rash or itching
HInjection-site pain or irritation
HVomiting
HChanges in kidney function
HAllergic reactions
HLiver damage with excessive paracetamol use

Note: If you experience troublesome or unusual symptoms after taking a medicine, consult your doctor.

Lifestyle Changes During Mumps Recovery

Making temporary lifestyle changes can support recovery, maintain hygiene and reduce the risk of spreading mumps to others. These include:

HAvoid close contact with other people while recovering.
HDo not share drinking bottles or other items that may come into contact with saliva.
HWhen coughing or sneezing, use a tissue or your elbow to prevent droplets from spreading.
HClean your hands frequently using soap and running water.
HClean frequently touched surfaces regularly.
HStay home for 5 days after the onset of salivary gland swelling.

Mumps Treatment Cost in India

The cost of mumps treatment in India varies depending on the severity of infection, healthcare provider, city, and whether diagnostic tests or hospitalisation are required. For uncomplicated cases, expenses may mainly include a doctor's consultation, medicines, and diagnostic tests.

A doctor’s consultation for mumps can cost around ₹500- ₹2,000. A mumps IgM blood test currently costs around ₹1,600 to ₹1,800 at some private laboratories, while combined IgG and IgM testing can cost around ₹3,200. If a doctor recommends MMR vaccine, it can cost around ₹600- ₹1,200 for each dose. Symptom-relief medicines can cost ₹30-₹200 per course.

The overall cost can be higher when complications require specialist consultations, additional investigations, or hospitalisation.

Does Health Insurance Cover Mumps Treatment in India?

Yes, health insurance may cover mumps treatment when hospitalisation is medically necessary, depending on the policy terms. The cover may extend to hospitalisation expenses for mumps-related diseases including orchitis, aseptic meningitis, encephalitis or pancreatitis. Some policies may also cover outpatient consultations and medicines with an OPD cover.

A ₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh sum insured is one option to consider, depending on the healthcare costs you expect. It is worth checking the policy for OPD cover, including waiting periods and exclusions, before you buy a plan.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1. Can mumps be cured permanently?

Ans: Yes, most people recover completely from mumps. Treatment mainly focuses on relieving symptoms because there is no specific antiviral medicine routinely used for uncomplicated mumps. Most people recover without any lasting health problems.
Q2. Do antibiotics treat mumps?

Ans: No, antibiotics do not treat mumps because it is caused by a virus. Doctors may prescribe them if a separate bacterial infection develops during the illness. Take antibiotics only when a doctor recommends them.
Q3. How long does it take to recover from mumps?

Ans: Although mumps usually resolves in about 2 weeks, other problems such as fatigue and weakness may persist even after all the signs and symptoms subside. Recovery may take longer if there are complications.
Q4. Can mumps be treated at home?

Ans: Yes, uncomplicated cases of mumps can usually be managed at home with proper care. Getting enough rest, drinking fluids and eating soft foods can help ease symptoms. Doctor-recommended medicines can also provide relief.
Q5. When should I consult a doctor for mumps?

Ans: Consult a doctor if you develop mumps symptoms such as fever or swelling around the cheeks and jaw. Medical advice is particularly important if your symptoms become severe or do not improve. A doctor can also check for possible complications.
Q6. Can adults get mumps?

Ans: Yes, adults can develop mumps if they become infected with the virus. Although the infection can affect people of any age, some complications are more common in adults. Vaccination can help lower the risk of infection.
Q7. Can mumps cause complications?

Ans: Yes, mumps can sometimes cause complications, although they are not common. These may include meningitis, encephalitis, hearing loss and pancreatitis. Inflammation of the testicles, ovaries, or breast tissue can also occur.
Q8. How can mumps be prevented?

Ans: The best way to prevent developing mumps or infecting someone else is to be vaccinated against mumps. You should also avoid close contact with someone who has had the infection and practice good hygiene to help stop the illness from spreading.
Q9. Can I go to work or school with mumps?

Ans: It is best to stay home and avoid close contact with other people while you are contagious. People with mumps should generally stay away from school or work for five days after salivary gland swelling begins. This helps reduce the risk of spreading the infection.
Q10. Can mumps affect adults differently from children?

Ans: Mumps can occur in adults and children, but some side effects occur more frequently in adults. Orchitis (inflammation of the testicles) is a side effect of mumps that may occur in adult males. Adults should see their doctor if symptoms worsen.
Q11. How is mumps diagnosed?

Ans: Doctors typically diagnose mumps based on symptoms such as painful swelling of the salivary glands, fever, and other findings on physical exam. A doctor may order blood work or viral tests to confirm mumps.
Q12. How long is mumps contagious?

Ans: You can pass on the mumps virus to someone before the swelling in your salivary gland starts. When you’re most infectious: About two days before the salivary gland swelling starts until 5 days after it starts. During that time, stay away from people.
Q13. Can you get mumps more than once?

Ans: People can get mumps more than once, although it is very rare. A single infection usually protects most people for life. Vaccination can also protect against mumps.
Q14. What should I eat when I have mumps?

Ans: When you have mumps, select soft foods that require minimal chewing and are easy to swallow. Stay hydrated; drink plenty of fluids. Avoid acidic foods and drinks that irritate the mouth.
Q15. Can mumps cause hearing problems?

Ans: Yes, mumps can rarely cause hearing loss, which may affect one or both ears. In some cases, the hearing loss can be temporary, while in others it may be permanent. Consult a doctor if you notice changes in your hearing during or after the infection.

References
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560735/
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8013702/
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8906564/
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8587456/
- https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/php/laboratories/index.html
- https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/communication-resources/mumps-protect-yourself.html
- https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682159.html?
- https://www.cdc.gov/mumps/infographics/mumps-protect-yourself.jpg
- https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a681004.html?
- https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=0bb77eb0-f518-41bc-8212-8bcd0e75510c&type=display&