Bell's Palsy Treatment

How is Bell's Palsy Diagnosed?

The diagnosis of Bell's palsy is typically made after a neurologist or ENT specialist conducts a physical examination of the patient's face and evaluation of their symptoms. Sudden onset and unilateral paralysis of the facial muscles are the important signs. The first thing that should be ruled out is a stroke, which requires an entirely different treatment approach. Some blood tests may be performed to see whether the patient has diabetes, Lyme disease, or an infection.

MRI or CT scans are not usually necessary, but may be indicated if symptoms are atypical, progressive, or recurrent or if another condition is suspected. It also rules out a tumour or Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Other tests like Electromyography (EMG) measure nerve damage and help predict recovery. A clear diagnosis is necessary to guide the right treatment.

How is Bell's Palsy Treated Based on Severity?

Treatment of Bell's palsy depends on how severe the facial weakness is. The table below summarises the Bell's palsy treatment approach based on severity:

Stages of Bell's Palsy and Their Treatment

Bell's palsy is managed in phases. Treatment changes as recovery progresses. Take a look at the treatment for Bell's palsy according to its phase:

Eye Care and Protective Treatments for Bell's Palsy

In case of Bell's palsy, the eye needs protection when it cannot close fully. This is required to avoid any injury to the cornea. Some of the eye care and protective treatment tips for Bell's palsy are:

Other Treatments for Bell's Palsy

Some people will require treatments other than drugs to manage Bell's palsy. They help in the recovery and management of the complications. These include:

Oral Medications for Bell's Palsy Treatment

Medication taken orally forms the mainstay of Bell's palsy management. Early administration of medicines gives the best results. Common medicines used for Bell's palsy include:

• Prednisolone

• Acyclovir

• Valacyclovir

• Famciclovir

• Analgesics

Ayurvedic and Alternative Treatments for Bell's Palsy

People suffering from Bell's palsy may also try traditional medicine during recovery. They serve as supportive care but not as alternatives to prescribed medications. These include:

• Acupuncture: Used for facial nerve recovery support.

• Nasya Therapy: Medicinal oil application through the nostrils.

• Abhyanga (Facial Oil Massage): Helps in blood circulation in the muscles.

• Facial Yoga: Soft facial exercises help in muscle support.

• Ashwagandha: Used for nerve support according to tradition.

• Shirodhara: Treatment for relaxation in some clinics.

Note: These methods must be used only after consultation with your treating doctor.

Home Care for Managing Bell's Palsy

Proper care at home will help in Bell's palsy recovery and comfort. The following care should be done alongside medical care:

• Do Facial Exercises: Practice facial exercises as suggested.

• Protect the Eye: Put eye drops during the day and an ointment at night.

• Warm Compresses: This procedure helps to soothe the pain.

• Chew Carefully: Chew on the stronger side of the mouth.

• Facial Massage: Helps improve the flexibility of face muscles (follow only if recommended by a physiotherapist).

• Get Proper Rest: Sleep is beneficial for nerve healing.

• Get Emotional Support: Get help if you find the change difficult to cope with.

How Long Does Bell's Palsy Treatment Take?

Bell's palsy treatment and recovery time vary with severity. The table shows approximate timelines for different treatments of Bell's palsy.

Bell's Palsy Treatment Side Effects

Bell's palsy treatment is relatively safe. There may be certain risks from some medications, such as:

• Corticosteroids: They may increase blood sugar levels and interfere with sleep and/or mood swings.

• Antiviral Medication: It may induce nausea and headaches.

• Eye Ointment: It may cause transient blurring of vision.

• Botulinum Toxin: It may induce transient muscle weakness.

• Surgery: Surgery may carry the risk of infection, hearing issues, or facial nerve injury.

• Synkinesis: Incomplete healing causes unwanted movement of the face.

Lifestyle Changes for Managing Bell's Palsy

Some basic lifestyle changes that can help with the recovery of Bell's palsy and prevent recurrence in the future, alongside treatment, are:

• Get Treatment Early: Begin treatment in the first three days.

• Keep the Eyes Moist and Covered: This step should be followed daily.

• Do Facial Exercises: Do facial exercises regularly to build muscle strength.

• Maintain Healthy Diabetes Levels: Manage diabetes well.

• Follow Treatment Plan: Continue to follow the treatment as prescribed and attend follow-up appointments.

• Reduce Stress: Practice meditation to reduce stress.

• Eat Well: Proper diet supports nerve healing.

Triggers That Can Worsen Symptoms of Bell's Palsy

Some issues could hinder recovery from Bell's palsy or make things worse. They include:

• Delayed Treatment: Late steroid treatment is less effective.

• Diabetes: Poorly controlled diabetes can delay healing.

• Pregnancy: Pregnancy may increase the risk of developing Bell's palsy and requires proper management.

• Severe Paralysis at Onset: Full paralysis requires a longer time for recovery.

• Eye Protection Issues: Ignoring eye care leads to problems with the cornea.

• Herpes-Virus Recurrence: Bell's palsy has been linked to reactivation of herpes viruses, but relapse after recovery is uncommon.

Bell's Palsy Treatment Cost in India

The cost of treating Bell's palsy in India is fairly low. Most instances of Bell's palsy are managed using medicines and eye treatment. The medical treatment for Bell's palsy is expected to cost around ₹3,000 since the primary steroid is priced at ₹400. The physiotherapy sessions and consultation with the neurologist make up the cost.

However, in some rare cases, where the condition is quite severe, facial reanimation surgery may be required, which can cost between ₹65,000 and ₹1,30,000. Additional tests, like an MRI or EMG, can add to the total expenses. Overall, most patients recover with affordable medical care.

Does Health Insurance Cover Bell's Palsy Treatment in India?

Yes. Most health insurance policies provide coverage for Bell's palsy. Although the policy terms and conditions dictate the coverage, it usually covers hospital stays and medically required tests or procedures. Typically, the policy only covers physiotherapy, medications, eye care products, and outpatient consultations if it offers OPD cover. To verify coverage, people should check their policy documents or get in touch with their insurer.