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What Causes Floods, and How Can They Be Managed Effectively?
Floods are among the most common and destructive natural disasters, occurring when a large amount of water submerges normally dry ground. They are caused by a combination of natural processes like intense rainfall, rapid snowmelt, or storm surges and anthropogenic (human-induced) factors like deforestation and urbanisation.
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- What Causes Floods
Effective management requires a combination of structural defences (physical infrastructure) and non-structural strategies (planning and policy) to reduce risk, vulnerability, and exposure to flood hazards. Alongside safety measures and timely warnings, having life insurance can provide financial stability for your loved ones, ensuring protection not just from physical risks but from the long-term impact such disasters may bring.
How Can Floods Be Managed Effectively?
Effective flood management combines structural measures, nature-based solutions, and smart planning. Paying attention to flash flood warnings and designing cities to manage excess water are key to reducing damage and saving lives. Just as communities strengthen defences against floods, having term insurance offers financial protection and helps loved ones stay secure even if life takes an unexpected turn.
Note: You can use a term insurance calculator to calculate the premium amounts of the plan.
Below are some of the key ways communities can prepare for and reduce the impact of floods effectively.
Structural Measures
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Levees and embankments are raised barriers along riverbanks designed to stop water from flooding nearby communities.
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Floodwalls and diversion channels are concrete structures that redirect or contain water, safeguarding homes, roads, and farmland.
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Enhanced Urban Drainage: Expanding and maintaining stormwater systems enables cities to handle heavy rainfall and lowers the risk of a flood flash, particularly when backed by prompt flash flood warning systems.
Nature-Based Solution
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Wetland and Floodplain Restoration: Wetlands function as natural sponges, absorbing excess water and slowing runoff to prevent danger.
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Reforestation involves planting trees in catchment areas, which reduces soil erosion and enhances rainwater absorption.
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Green infrastructure, including rain gardens and green roofs, enables water absorption into the soil, decreasing surface runoff and mitigating flood impacts.
Read on to know about why term insurance is important in flood-prone areas.
What are the Causes of Floods?
Below is the following list of common causes of floods that affect communities around the world:
Natural Causes
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Heavy and prolonged rainfall: This is the most common cause of flooding. When rain falls too quickly for the soil to absorb or persists for too long, water accumulates on the ground, causing streets, fields, and homes to overflow.
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River Overflows: Rivers may overflow during heavy rain or seasonal monsoons. Excess water causes rivers to overflow, flooding surrounding regions.
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Rapid Snowmelt and Ice Jams: In colder areas, a quick temperature increase can swiftly melt snow, releasing significant water into rivers. Ice chunks can block narrow river sections, leading to water backup and overflow.
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Coastal Storm Surges: Hurricanes or tropical cyclones generate strong winds that drive seawater inland, resulting in a powerful surge. High tides can lead to significant coastal flooding when combined with other factors.
Human Causes
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Deforestation: It impacts trees' ability to absorb rainwater and slow runoff. Clearing forests speeds up water flow over land, leading to soil erosion in rivers and a higher risk of overflow.
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Unplanned Urbanisation: Concrete surfaces block water absorption in the ground. This increases surface runoff, which can rapidly lead to urban flooding—occasionally creating a sudden floodflash situation.
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Infrastructure Failure: Dams, levees, and embankments control water flow. Inadequate maintenance or excessive pressure can lead to a failure, causing a large volume of water to spill downstream.
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Poor drainage management: Thses leads to blocked or inadequately designed systems, hindering efficient rainwater flow. Authorities may issue a flash flood warning during intense storms to alert people of immediate danger.
Knowing the causes of floods enables communities to prepare and respond better. Staying informed is essential for safety.
To Wrap Up
Floods and flash floods affect lives, property, and local economies. Prompt action in flash flood warnings, along with robust infrastructure, effective drainage systems, and nature-based solutions, can significantly minimise damage. However, physical protection alone is insufficient. Financial preparedness is equally vital. Life or term insurance provides long-term financial security, helping families manage unexpected losses and recover more confidently after disasters.
FAQs
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Q: How to stay prepared for a flood?
Ans: Learn evacuation routes, shelter preparations, and flash flood precautions. Prepare emergency kits and keep essential documents in a waterproof container in case you need to leave quickly or services are interrupted. -
Q: What is category 3 floodwater?
Ans: Category 3 floodwater, often called “black water”, is highly contaminated water that may contain sewage, harmful bacteria, and dangerous pathogens. It poses serious health risks. -
Q: What are the effects of floods?
Ans: Floods can cause loss of life, ruin property, pollute water, and transmit illnesses. They ruin agriculture, wildlife, and livelihoods and may cause long-term economic and emotional distress for impacted populations.
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˜The insurers/plans mentioned are arranged in order of highest to lowest Sum Assured(SA) offered by Policybazaar’s insurer partners offering term insurance plans on our platform, as per ‘first year premium of life insurers as at 31.03.2025 report’ published by IRDAI.
Policybazaar does not endorse, rate or recommend any particular insurer or insurance product offered by any insurer. For complete list of insurers in India refer to the IRDAI website www.irdai.gov.in
Rs. 400/month is starting price for a 1 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age, rounded off to nearest 10.
Rs. 400/month (Rs.13/day) is starting price for a 1 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. 230 is starting price for a 50 lakhs term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age, rounded off to nearest 10.
+Rs. 8/day is starting price for a 50 lakhs term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age, rounded off to nearest 10.
+Rs. 12/day is starting price for a 75 lakhs term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age, rounded off to nearest 10.
+Rs. 497/month is starting price for a 1.5 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. 487/month is starting price for a 2 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. 626/month is starting price for a 3 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. 905/month is starting price for a 5 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. ₹361/month is the starting price for a ₹1 crore loan cover with an 8% interest rate for an 18-year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, loan tenure up to 20 years, rounded off to the nearest 10
+Rs. 1,267/month is starting price for a 7 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
*The full refund of premium is available on availing the one-time option of refund of premium. Total premium paid for policy (paid for add-ons) will be the special exit value, payable on availing the one-time option of refund of premium if you wish to completely exit the policy.
+Rs. 447/month is starting price for a 1 crore term life insurance for an (NRI) 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs.679/month is starting price for a 2 crore term life insurance for an (NRI) 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. 910/month is starting price for a 3 crore term life insurance for an (NRI) 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. 1,374/month is starting price for a 5 crore term life insurance for an (NRI) 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
+Rs. 1,924month is starting price for a 7 crore term life insurance for an (NRI) 18 year-old male, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age.
Women
+Rs. 400/month is Starting price for a 1 crore term life insurance for an 18 year-old Female, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 30 years of age, rounded off to nearest 10.
Rs. 461/month is the starting price for a 1 crore term life insurance for an 24 year-old female, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 54 years of age.
1,642/month is the starting price for a 1 crore term life insurance for an 44 year-old female, non-smoker, with no pre-existing diseases, cover upto 74 years of age.
Prices offered by the insurer are as per the approved insurance plans | #All savings and online discounts are provided by insurers as per IRDAI approved insurance plans | Standard Terms and Conditions Apply | **Tax Benefits are subject to changes in tax laws.| Policybazaar Insurance Brokers Private Limited
We will respond in the first instance within 30 minutes of the customers contacting us. 30-minute claim support service is for the purpose of giving reasonable assistance to the policyholder in pursuance of the claim. Settlement of claim (including cashless claim) is the responsibility of the insurer as per policy terms and conditions. The 30-minute claim support is subject to our operations not being impacted by a system failure or force majeure event or for reasons beyond our control. For further details, 24x7 Claims Support Helpline can be reached out at 1800-258-5881
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Policybazaar Insurance Brokers Private Limited | CIN: U74999HR2014PTC053454 | Registered Office - Plot No.119, Sector - 44, Gurgaon, Haryana – 122001 | Registration No. 742, Valid till 09/06/2027, License category- Composite Broker Visitors are hereby informed that their information submitted on the website may be shared with insurers. Product information is authentic and solely based on the information received from the insurers.
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